Wigishe gutandukanya Robusta na Arabica ukireba!
Mu kiganiro cyabanjirije iki, YPAK yasangiye nawe ubumenyi bwinshi kubyerekeye inganda zipakira ikawa. Iki gihe, tuzakwigisha gutandukanya ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwa Arabica na Robusta. Nibihe bintu bitandukanye biranga imiterere yabyo, kandi nigute dushobora kubatandukanya turebye!
Arabica na Robusta
Mu byiciro birenga 130 by'ikawa, ibyiciro bitatu gusa bifite agaciro k'ubucuruzi: Arabica, Robusta, na Liberica. Nyamara, ibishyimbo bya kawa bigurishwa ku isoko ahanini ni Arabica na Robusta, kubera ko ibyiza byabo ari "abantu benshi"! Abantu bazahitamo gutera ubwoko butandukanye bakurikije ibikenewe bitandukanye
Kubera ko imbuto za Arabica ari ntoya mu moko atatu akomeye, ifite izina ry '"ubwoko buto bw'ingano". Ibyiza bya Arabica nuko ifite imikorere myiza cyane muburyohe: impumuro iragaragara cyane kandi ibice birakize. Kandi nkuko bigaragara nkimpumuro yacyo nibibi byayo: umusaruro muke, kurwanya indwara nke, hamwe nibisabwa cyane kubidukikije. Iyo ubutumburuke bwo gutera buri munsi yuburebure runaka, ubwoko bwa Arabica bizagorana kubaho. Kubwibyo, igiciro cyikawa ya Arabica kizaba kiri hejuru. Ariko nyuma ya byose, uburyohe ni bwo buhebuje, bityo guhera uyu munsi, ikawa ya Arabica ihwanye na 70% by'umusaruro rusange w'ikawa ku isi.
Robusta nintete yo hagati muri eshatu, kubwibyo ni ubwoko butandukanye bwimbuto. Ugereranije na Arabica, Robusta ntabwo afite imikorere igaragara neza. Ariko, imbaraga zayo zirakomeye! Ntabwo umusaruro uri hejuru cyane, ariko kurwanya indwara nabyo ni byiza cyane, kandi cafeyine nayo ikubye kabiri Arabiya. Kubwibyo, ntabwo byoroshye nkubwoko bwa Arabica, kandi birashobora kandi "gukura cyane" mubutumburuke buke. Iyo rero tubonye ko ibihingwa bimwe bya kawa bishobora no gutanga imbuto nyinshi zikawa mubutumburuke buke, turashobora gukeka mbere yubwoko bwayo.
Turabikesha, ahantu henshi hashobora gukorerwa ikawa murwego rwo hasi. Ariko kubera ko ubutumburuke bwo gutera muri rusange ari buke, uburyohe bwa Robusta nuburakari bukomeye, hamwe nibiti hamwe nibiryo bya sayiri. Ibi bitari byiza cyane byerekana uburyohe, bihujwe nibyiza byo kongera umusaruro mwinshi nibiciro biri hasi, bituma Robusta ibikoresho byingenzi byo gukora ibicuruzwa ako kanya. Muri icyo gihe, kubera izo mpamvu, Robusta yabaye kimwe n "" ubuziranenge "mu ruziga rwa kawa.
Kugeza ubu, Robusta igera kuri 25% y’umusaruro w’ikawa ku isi! Usibye gukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byihuse, agace gato kibi bishyimbo kawa bizagaragara nkibishyimbo fatizo cyangwa ibishyimbo byihariye bya kawa mubishyimbo bivanze.
Nigute dushobora gutandukanya Arabica na Robusta? Mubyukuri, biroroshye cyane. Nkokumisha izuba no gukaraba, itandukaniro rya genetike naryo rizagaragarira mubiranga isura. Kandi ibikurikira ni amashusho yibishyimbo bya Arabica na Robusta
Birashoboka ko inshuti nyinshi zabonye imiterere yibishyimbo, ariko imiterere yibishyimbo ntishobora gukoreshwa nkitandukaniro rikomeye hagati yabyo, kuko amoko menshi yabarabu nayo azengurutse imiterere. Itandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yumurongo wibishyimbo. Hafi yimirongo yubwoko bwa Arabica iragoramye kandi ntabwo igororotse! Hagati yubwoko bwa Robusta ni umurongo ugororotse. Ngiyo ishingiro ryo kumenyekana kwacu.
Ariko dukeneye kumenya ko ibishyimbo bimwe bya kawa bishobora kuba bidafite ibimenyetso bigaragara hagati yiterambere cyangwa ibibazo bya genetike (bivanze Arabica na Robusta). Kurugero, mukirundo cyibishyimbo bya Arabica, hashobora kuba ibishyimbo bike bifite umurongo ugororotse. . , ariko kwitegereza isahani yose cyangwa urushyi rwibishyimbo icyarimwe, kugirango ibisubizo bibe byiza.
Kubindi bisobanuro kuri kawa no gupakira, nyamuneka andika YPAK kugirango tuganire!
Turi uruganda ruzobereye mu gukora imifuka ipakira ikawa mu myaka irenga 20. Twabaye umwe mubakora ikawa nini mu Bushinwa.
Dukoresha indangagaciro nziza za WIPF ziva mu Busuwisi kugirango ikawa yawe igume nshya.
Twateje imbere imifuka yangiza ibidukikije, nk'imifuka ifumbire mvaruganda hamwe n’imifuka ishobora gukoreshwa, hamwe nibikoresho bya PCR bigezweho.
Nuburyo bwiza bwo gusimbuza imifuka isanzwe ya plastike.
Akayunguruzo kawa kayunguruzo kakozwe mubikoresho byabayapani, nibikoresho byiza byo kuyungurura isoko.
Kumugereka kuri catalog yacu, nyamuneka twohereze ubwoko bwimifuka, ibikoresho, ingano nubunini ukeneye. Turashobora rero kugusubiramo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-12-2024
