"Ibiciro byihishe" byo gukora ikawa
Muri iki gihe's isoko ryibicuruzwa, ibiciro byikawa byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru kubera impungenge zuko itangwa ridahagije hamwe n’ibikenewe byiyongera. Nkigisubizo, abatunganya ikawa basa nkaho bafite ejo hazaza heza mubukungu.
Icyakora, raporo nshya ya politiki yashyizwe ahagaragara n’umuryango w’ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi y’umuryango w’abibumbye (FAO) igaragaza ukuri dukunze kwirengagiza: mu byukuri hari amafaranga menshi yihishe inyuma y’umusaruro w’ikawa.
Raporo igaragaza ko inyuma y’igiciro cy’isoko rya kawa, mu byukuri hari ingaruka zigera ku bidukikije no ku mibereho. Kuva imyuka ihumanya ikirere kugeza ku mirimo ikoreshwa abana no gutandukanya amafaranga, ibi biradutera kwibaza niba koko ibiciro byanditse byerekana“ikiguzi nyacyo”ikawa?
FAO yagaragaje ko raporo yibanda cyane cyane ku nganda z’ikawa muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, itwibutsa ko ibiciro byinshi by'ingenzi bijyanye na sisitemu y'ibiribwa bitagaragara mu biciro by'isoko.
Raporo yita ibyo biciro“hanze”- mu yandi magambo, ingaruka zitaziguye z’ibikorwa by’ubukungu, nko kwangiza ibidukikije, akarengane mu mibereho n’ubukene. Ibi biva hanze, bitandukanye nigiciro cyumusaruro utaziguye, nkumurimo cyangwa ifumbire, akenshi birengagizwa mubiciro kandi bigira ingaruka cyane cyane kubuhinzi-borozi bato ndetse n’abaturage babo.
Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwimpapuro 50 bugaragaza ikintu gitangaje: umusaruro wa kawa muri Etiyopiya, Uganda na Tanzaniya bitwara amafaranga menshi yihishe. Muri ibyo biciro harimo imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ihumana ry’amazi, imirimo ikoreshwa abana, ikinyuranyo cy’imishahara y’uburinganire, n’itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyo abahinzi ba kawa binjiza nicyo bakeneye kugirango babeho neza.
Mu bihugu bitatu byize, cyane cyane Etiyopiya, ikinyuranyo cy’imibereho nicyo giciro kinini cyihishe, bitewe ahanini n’ibiciro by’imirima mito n’inyungu nkeya, cyane cyane ku bahinzi ba Robusta.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje kandi ko ibidukikije, urugero nko gusohora ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no gukoresha amazi, byongera igiciro cyihishe kuri buri kilo y’ikawa ikorerwa mu bihugu bitatu.
Imibereho n’ibidukikije hanze y’umusaruro wa kawa harimo ibi bikurikira: Imirimo ikoreshwa abana: Abana benshi bo mu mirima y’ikawa yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba bagomba gukora imirimo iremereye, nko gutoranya no gutondekanya ikawa ikawa, akenshi ibabuza kwiga. Ubushakashatsi bwabaze ko iki giciro kiri hejuru ya $ 0.42 ku kilo cya kawa, cyane cyane muri Uganda, aho ikibazo gikomeye. Ubusumbane bushingiye ku gitsina: Mu nganda zikawa, abagore akenshi binjiza make ugereranije n’abagabo bakora akazi kamwe. Nubwo iki cyuho cyinjiza gitandukanye ahantu hatandukanye, kigaragaza ubusumbane bwuburinganire bwiganje mu nzego zose z’ubuhinzi. Ibiciro by’ibidukikije: Guhinga ikawa rimwe na rimwe biganisha ku gutema amashyamba, kongera imyuka ihumanya ikirere hamwe n’umwanda. Ibi biciro by ibidukikije byihishe biratandukanye bitewe nuburyo bwo gutera. Kurugero, ubwo buryo bukomeye bwo gutera hamwe numusaruro mwinshi akenshi butanga umwanda mwinshi.
Kwiyongera kw'igiciro cya kawa ku isoko bivuze ko abagurisha bagomba kuzamura ibiciro icyarimwe. Kugirango abakiriya barusheho kwishura ikiguzi, bagomba gutangirana nuburyohe bwa kawa, gupakira ikawa, premium premium, nibindi. Abaguzi barashobora kubona ikirango hamwe nugupakira ikawa muburyo butaziguye, bigomba kuvuga akamaro ko gupakira ikawa ababikora.
Turi uruganda ruzobereye mu gukora imifuka ipakira ikawa mu myaka irenga 20. Twabaye umwe mubakora ikawa nini mu Bushinwa.
Dukoresha indangagaciro nziza za WIPF ziva mu Busuwisi kugirango ikawa yawe igume nshya.
Twateje imbere imifuka yangiza ibidukikije, nk'imifuka ifumbire mvaruganda hamwe n’imifuka ishobora gukoreshwa, hamwe nibikoresho bya PCR bigezweho.
Nuburyo bwiza bwo gusimbuza imifuka isanzwe ya plastike.
Akayunguruzo kawa kayunguruzo kakozwe mubikoresho byabayapani, nibikoresho byiza byo kuyungurura isoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2025
