INDLELA ENTSHA YOKUGQIBELA I-SPANDI-INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA NGOKUFANELEKILEYO UKUKHUSELEKA KWEENKCAZO YOKUGQIBELA
Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithandathu ku-Matshi wama-2022, ipalamente yaseSpanish yaphumelela inkcitho yomhlaba kunye nomhlaba ongcolisekileyo wesetyhula, ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwePhthalates naseBisphenol a kwipakethi yokutya kunye nokuxhasa ukuphinda kupakishwe ngokutya ngo-2022 kuya kuqala ukusebenza nge-9 ka-Epreli.
Umthetho ujonge ukunciphisa isizukulwana senkunkuma, ngakumbi iplasitiki enye, kwaye ulawule ifuthe elibi lokufaka inkunkuma kwimpilo yabantu nakwindawo esingqongileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuculwa koqoqosho oluphambili. Lo mthetho uthatha indawo yomthetho wesi-22/2011 kulawulo lwenkunkuma kunye nomhlaba ongcolisekileyo we-28 kaJulayi ngo-2011 kwaye ubandakanya isikhokelo (i-EU) ngo-2018/2005 kwiNkunkuma kwimpembelelo ethile kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo Kwezinye iimveliso zeplastiki zifakiwe kwinkqubo yezomthetho yaseSpain.
Thintela iintlobo zeemveliso zeplastiki kwintengiso
Ukwenzela ukunciphisa ifuthe leemveliso zeplastiki kwindalo, "Inkunkuma kunye nokukhuthaza umhlaba ongcolisekileyo woqoqosho" wongeza iintlobo ezintsha zeplastiki ezithintelwe ukuba zifakwe kwintengiso yaseSpain:
Iimveliso ze-1.Pistiktha ezichazwe kwiCandelo le-IVB ye-ANNEX kumgaqo;
Imveliso yeplastiki ye-2.XY eyenziwe ngokusebenzisa iplasitiki ye-axicage;
Iimveliso ze-3.plaestic ze-microplatics eyongezwe ngabom i-5 mm.
Ngokuphathelele izithintelo ezichazwe kwinxalenye, izibonelelo ze-Annex xvii kummiselo (EC) UNAMTATA (EC) UNATMON 1107/2006 wepalamente yaseYurophu kunye neBhunga (fikelela kwiBhunga (fikelela kwisivumelwano).
I-ANNEX IVB ichaza ukuba iimveliso zeplastiki ezilahlekileyo njenge-cotton swabs, i-cutlery, iipleyithi, iibhotile ezisetyenziselwa ukubeka i-polystyrene, i-sticks esetyenziselwa ukubekwa kwimarike, njenge Ngeenjongo zonyango, njl. njl. Ngaphandle kokuba kubonelelwe ngenye indlela.
Ukukhuthaza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona ngeplastiki kunye nokusetyenziswa
Inkunkuma kunye nomhlaba ongcolisekileyo womthetho ulungisa iithagethi zeplastiki ezihlaziyiweyo kuMthetho we-22/2011: ngo-2025, iibhotile ezingama-200, iibhotile ezingama-2030, kufuneka ziqulathe ubuncinci I-30% yeplastiki ehlaziyiweyo. Lo mmiselo kulindeleke ukuba ukhuthaze ukuphuculwa kwemakethi yesibini ye-Pet esetyenzisiweyo eSpain.
Ukongeza, ukwenzela ukukhuthaza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona iimveliso zeplastiki, icandelo leplastiki ehlaziyiweyo elinemveliso ngokuxhomekeke kwirhafu ayihlawuliswa irhafu. Inkqubo yokungenisa elizweni ngaphakathi komda wethagethi yerhafu kufuneka irekhode ubungakanani beplastiki engeniswe ngokutsha. Lo mmiselo uza kuqala ukusebenza ukusuka kuJanuwari 1, 2023.
Ukuqala ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari, 2023, ngokuhambelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yoqoqosho lwesetyhula, iSpain iya kuqala ukumisela irhafu yeplastiki yokusetyenziswa kweplastiki, engafezekanga.
IIMPENDULO ZEXESHA LOKUQALA:
Ukubandakanya abavelisi eSpain, iinkampani kunye nabantu abazisebenzeleyo abangenisa iSpain kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwi-EU.
Umgangatho weTeksi:
Iqulethe ingcinga ebanzi "yephakheji yeplastiki engafezekanga", kubandakanya:
1. Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso zeplastiki ezinokugqitywa kweplastiki;
2. Isetyenziselwa ukulila, urhwebo okanye ubonise iimveliso zeplastiki ezingafezekanga;
I-3. Izikhongozelo zeplastiki ezingenakusebenza.
Some examples of products within the scope of taxation include but are not limited to: plastic bags, plastic bottles, plastic packaging boxes, plastic packaging films, plastic packaging tapes, plastic cups, plastic tableware, plastic straws, plastic packaging bags, etc.
Nokuba ezi mveliso zisetyenziselwa ukuphinda zifakwe ukutya, iziselo, izinto zemihla ngemihla okanye ezinye izinto, lo gama nje ukupakishwa kwangaphandle kweplastiki kwenziwa ngeplastiki, irhafu yokupakisha yeplastiki iya kuhlawuliswa.
Ukuba iphinde isetyenziselwe iplastiki, iSatifikethi esiPhucukileyo siyadingeka.
Ixabiso lerhafu:
Ireyithi yerhafu yi-EUR 0.45 ngekhilogram nganye esekwe kwiSibhengezo soBunzima kwiNqanaba 47.
Izimvo zoKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lufumana ingqalelo kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukugxininiswa kwimfuno yokutshintsha indawo yokusebenzisa iplastiki enye kunye nezinye iindlela ezinokuphinda zisebenze. Olu tshintsho luqhutywa ngokuthathelwa ingqalelo kwenkunkuma eyingozi yenkunkuma kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngakumbi ngokungcoliseka kunye nokupheliswa kwezixhobo zendalo.
Ukuphendula kolu mbandela wokucinezelwa, amazwe amaninzi abeka phambili ukukhangela abathengisi abathembekileyo ukwenza lula ukutshintsha kweplastiki kwiindlela ezinokuphinda zisebenze okanye ze-biodegrady. Injongo kukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo ukupakisha iplastiki ngezinto eziyindalo, ngaloo ndlela kuncipha umthwalo wendalo obangelwa ziiplasitiki ezingekho mthethweni.
Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwipakethi yeplastiki ukuya ekutshaseni okanye ukupakishwa kwe-biodegradaby linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekufezekiseni uzinzo kunye nokunciphisa i-ofisi yendalo. Ngokwamkela olu tshintsho, amashishini kunye nabathengi ngokufanayo banokuba negalelo ekukhuseleni indalo kunye nezixhobo zendalo.
Izinto zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisebenze kwaye ze-biodegradable nika isisombululo esithembisa kwimiceli mngeni esibangelwa kukupakishwa kweplastiki yemveli. Ayizikukuphela nje kwezi ndlela zokuthembela kwizibonelelo ezingavuselelekiyo, zikwanceda ukunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma kwinkunkuma kunye neelwandlekazi. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwephakheji yokuphinda isebenze kunye ne-biedegramage ixhasa uqoqosho lwesetyhula ngokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokurisayikilisha izixhobo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe impembelelo yendalo esingqongileyo.
Njengoko imfuno yemfuno ye-eco-enobubele iyaqhubeka nokukhula, ishishini linikela ubungqina uqhankqalazo lwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha okujolise ekuphuhliseni izisombululo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuphonononga izixhobo ezintsha kunye neenkqubo zemveliso ezilandela imigaqo-siseko yolawulo lwendalo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo.
Kwisishwankathelo, ukutshintshwa kwephakheji yephakheji yeplastiki kunye neendlela ezinokuphinda zisebenze okanye ze-biodegradas kubonisa utshintsho olubalulekileyo ekuzinzisweni kwendalo. Ngokubeka phambili ukupakishwa okububuhlobo okusingqongileyo, amazwe neenkampani zithatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukujongana nemiceli mngeni yokusingqongileyo enxulumene nenkunkuma yeplastiki. Oku kutshitshiswe kungabonisi kuphela ukuzibophelela kukhuselo lwendalo kodwa ikwabonisa umzamo odibeneyo wokwakha ikamva elizinzileyo nelonwabisayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Singumenzi osebenza ngokukodwa ekuveliseni iingxowa zekhefu zekofu kangangesithuba seminyaka engama-20. Siye saba sesona sixhobo sikhulu sekofu eTshayina.
Sisebenzisa eyona nto iphambili kwi-valves evela eSwitzerland ukugcina ikofu intsha.
Siphuhlise iingxowa ze-eco-ges, ezinjengeengxowa ezihlanganisiweyo,Iingxowa ezinokuphinda zisebenze kunye nokufakwa kwe-PCR. Zizo iindlela ezilungileyo zokutshintsha iingxowa zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo.
Iqhotyoshelwe ikhathalogu yethu, nceda usithumelele uhlobo lwengxowa, isixhobo, ubukhulu kunye nobungakanani odingayo. Ke singakucaphula.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: APR-12 ukuya kwi-1224
