Imiyalo emisha yaseSpain ENTSHA YOKUGCINWA KWAMAHHALA ukukhuthaza ukufakwa kwepulasitiki
Ngo-Mashi 31, 2022, iPalanish iPhalamende yadlula imfucuza kanye nomhlaba ongcolileyo okhuthaza umthetho wezomnotho omkhulu, ukunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwama-phthalates kanye ne-bisphenol a ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okungama-2022 kuzoqala ukusebenza ngo-Ephreli 9.
Umthetho uhlose ukunciphisa isizukulwane semfucuza, ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngakunye, futhi aphathe umthelela omubi wokupaka imfucuza ngempilo yabantu kanye nemvelo, futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho oyindilinga. Lo mthetho uthatha indawo yezomthetho No. 22/2011 ekuphathweni kwemfucuza kanye nenhlabathi engcolisiwe yomhlaka 28 Julayi 2011 futhi ufake umhlahlandlela (eu) 2018/851 ngodoti kanye nemiyalo (EU) 2019/904 ekwehlisweni kwemiklomelo ethile emthonjeni wezemvelo kweminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yafakwa ohlelweni lwezomthetho lwaseSpain.
Khawulela izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki emakethe
Ukuze unciphise umthelela wemikhiqizo yepulasitiki emvelweni, "imfucuza kanye nokukhuthaza inhlabathi ukugqugquzelwa komthetho wezomnotho oyindilinga" kunezela izinhlobo ezintsha zamapulasitiki anqatshelwe ekubekweni emakethe yaseSpain:
Imikhiqizo eyi-1.Plastic eshiwo eSigabeni IVB yesijobelelo kuya kulawulo;
I-2.Any umkhiqizo wepulasitiki owenziwe kusetshenziswa amapulasitiki angokongo oxidative;
Imikhiqizo engu-3.Plastic enama-microplastics angezwe ngamabomu angaphansi kuka-5 mm.
Mayelana nemikhawulo ebekwe engxenyeni, izinhlinzeko zika-Annex XVII eziya emthethweni (EC) azikho i-1907/2006 yePhalamende laseYurophu kanye nomkhandlu (finyelela kuMthethonqubo) uzosebenza.
I-Annex IVB ikhomba lemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlekile efana ne-swabs yekotoni, i-cutlery, amapuleti, amabhodlela okuphuza, izinti ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amabhaluni, njll. Zivinjelwe ekufakweni emakethe, njenge Ngezinhloso zokwelashwa, njll. Ngaphandle kokuthi kunikezwe ngenye indlela.
Gqugquzela ukuphinda usebenzise ipulasitiki kanye nesicelo
Imfucuza kanye nomhlabathi ongcolile umnotho okhuthaza imithetho yepulasitiki eyindilinga emthethweni Nombolo 22/2011: Wonke amabhodlela we-polyethylene aqukethe okungenani amabhodlela angama-20%, ngamabhodlela ezilwaneyo kufanele aqukethe okungenani Ipulasitiki engu-30% esetshenzisiwe. Lo mthethonqubo kulindeleke ukuthi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yesibili yesilwane esisetshenzisiwe eSpain.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuthuthukiswe kabusha ukuvumelanisa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, ingxenye yepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe equkethwe kwimikhiqizo ngokuya ngentela ayikhokhiswa intela. Inqubo yokungenisa imikhiqizo ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso selitshe lentela kufanele iqophe inani lamapulasitiki angenziwa kabusha angenisiwe. Lo mthethonqubo uzoqala ukusebenza kusuka ngoJanuwari 1, 2023.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2023, ngokuya ngemigomo yezomnotho oyindilinga, iSpain izoqala ukuphoqa intela yepulasitiki ekuphangethweni kwepulasitiki okukodwa.
Izinto Ezikhokhwayo:
Kubandakanya abakhiqizi eSpain, izinkampani nabantu abazisebenzelayo abangenisa eSpain futhi bazibandakanya ekuthengweni kwe-EU.
Isikali sentela:
Kuqukethe umqondo obanzi we- "ANG-Recycluble Plansis Packal", kufaka phakathi:
1. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo esetshenzisiwe yepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe;
2. Isetshenziselwa ukufaka, ukuhweba noma ukukhombisa imikhiqizo yepulasitiki engavuselelwanga;
3. Izitsha zepulasitiki ezingavuselelwanga.
Ezinye izibonelo zemikhiqizo ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso sentela zifaka kepha azikhawulwanga ku: Amabhodlela epulasitiki, amabhokisi epulasitiki, amatheyipu epulasitiki, amapheshana epulasitiki, izikhwama zeplastiki, njll.
Ukuthi le mikhiqizo isetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla, iziphuzo, izidingo zansuku zonke noma ezinye izinto, inqobo nje uma ukufakwa kwangaphandle kwephakheji kwenziwa ngopulasitiki, kuzokhokhelwa intela yepulasitiki.
Uma kungukuphindeka kwepulasitiki, isitifiketi sokuphinda sisebenze kabusha siyadingeka.
Izinga lentela:
Izinga lentela ngu-EUR 0.45 ngekhilogremu ngekhilogremu nge-Net Weight Remeration ku-Article 47.
Imiqondo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme ithola ukunakwa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukugcizelelwa okukhulayo ngesidingo sokushintsha ukufakwa kwepulasitiki okusetshenziswa okukodwa ngezindlela ezisetshenziswayo noma ezingokoqobo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuqhunyele ukubonwa komthelela olimazayo wenkutha yeplastiki emvelweni, ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngokungcoliswa kanye nokuncipha kwemithombo yezemvelo.
Ephendula le ndaba ecindezelayo, amazwe amaningi abeka phambili ukusesha kwabahlinzeki abathembekile ukwenza lula ukuguqulwa kokufakwa kwepulasitiki kuma-plastic apakisha abe ngama-recycloable noma izindlela ze-biodegradable. Umgomo ukuthola ngokuphelele ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki ngezinto zokwakha imvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa umthwalo wezemvelo obangelwa amapulasitiki angaphinde asetshenziswe kabusha.
Ukushintshwa kusuka emaphaketheni epulasitiki ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha noma ukufakwa kwe-biodegradable kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekufezekiseni ukuqina futhi unciphise izinyathelo zemvelo zemikhakha ehlukahlukene. Ngokwamukela lokhu kuguqulwa, amabhizinisi nabathengi ngokufanayo bangasiza ekuvikeleni imvelo kanye nemithombo yezemvelo.
Izinto zokupakisha eziphindaphindeka futhi ze-biodegradable zinikeza ikhambi elithembisayo ezinseleleni ezibangelwa ukufakwa kwepulasitiki kwendabuko. Hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinciphise ukuthembeka kwizinsizakusebenza ezingavuselelwa, nazo zisiza ukunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwenkutha yepulasitiki ekulahlekelweni komhlaba kanye nolwandle. Ngokwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kokufakwa kabusha okuphindaphindeka futhi kwe-biodegradable kusekela umnotho oyindilinga ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha izinto zokwakha, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise umthelela wezemvelo jikelele.
Njengoba isidingo sokupakishwa e-eco-friendly siyaqhubeka nokukhula, imboni ifakaza ukuhlukunyezwa okusha kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa izixazululo zokupakisha ezizinzile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlola izinto ezintsha nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinamathela ezimisweni zobuphathi bezemvelo kanye nokusebenza kwezinsizakusebenza.
Ngamafuphi, ukufakwa esikhundleni sePulasimentekile yokufakwa kwepulasitiki ngezindlela eziphindaphindekayo noma ze-biodegradable ezinye izindlela zibonisa ukuguquguquka okubucayi ekusimeni kwezemvelo. Ngokubeka phambili ukupakisha okunobungani bemvelo, amazwe nezinkampani zithatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokubhekana nezinselelo zezemvelo ezihambisana nokungcola kwepulasitiki. Lokhu kuguquka akugcini nje ngokuzibophezela ekuvikeleni kwemvelo kepha futhi kubonisa umzamo wokuhlangene wokwakha ikusasa eliqhubekayo futhi elinamandla ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Singumkhiqizi ogxile ekukhiqizeni izikhwama zokufaka ikhofi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Sibe ngomunye wabakhiqizi bekhofi amakhulu kunabo bonke eChina.
Sisebenzisa ama-wipf ama-wipf amahle kakhulu asuka eSwitzerland ukugcina ikhofi lakho lisha.
Sithuthukise izikhwama ze-eco-friendly, njengezikhwama ezikhohlisayo,Izikhwama eziphindaphindekayo kanye nokupakishwa kwezinto ze-PCR. Ziyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokufaka esikhundleni sezikhwama zepulasitiki ezijwayelekile.
Kunamathiselwe ikhathalogi yethu, sicela usithumele uhlobo lwesikhwama, impahla, usayizi nenani olidingayo. Ngakho-ke singakucaphuca.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-12-2024
