Imithetho emisha yaseSpain indlela enezinhlangothi eziningi yokukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha kwamaphakheji epulasitiki
Ngomhla zingama-31 kuNdasa, 2022, iPhalamende laseSpain laphasisa uMthetho Womnotho Okhuthaza Imfucumfucu kanye Nenhlabathi Engcolisiwe, wenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwe-phthalates ne-bisphenol A emaphaketheni okudla futhi usekela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kokupakishwa kokudla ngo-2022 Uzoqala ngokusemthethweni ngo-Ephreli 9.
Umthetho uhlose ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza, ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye, futhi ulawule umthelela omubi wokupakishwa kwemfucuza empilweni yabantu kanye nemvelo, futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho oyindilinga.Lo mthetho uthatha indawo yoMthetho onguNombolo 22/2011 Wokulawulwa Kwemfucuza kanye Nenhlabathi Engcolisiwe wangomhla zingama-28 kuJulayi 2011 futhi uhlanganisa i-Directive (EU) 2018/851 ye-waste and Directive (EU) 2019/904 mayelana nokwehliswa kweZiqondiso ezithile kumthelela wemvelo. eminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yafakwa ohlelweni lwezomthetho lwaseSpain.
Khawulela izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki emakethe
Ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wemikhiqizo yepulasitiki endaweni ezungezile, "Umthetho Wokukhuthazwa Kwenhlabathi Engcolile Nokungcoliswa Komthetho Womnotho Oyindilinga" wengeza izinhlobo ezintsha zamapulasitiki ezingavunyelwe ukufakwa emakethe yaseSpain:
1.Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ebalulwe esigabeni IVB seSithasiselo soMthethonqubo;
2.Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo wepulasitiki owenziwe kusetshenziswa amapulasitiki awonakaliswa yi-oxidatively;
3.Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki enama-microplastic angezwe ngamabomu angaphansi kuka-5 mm.
Ngokuphathelene nemikhawulo ebekwe ngokwengxenye, izinhlinzeko ze-Annex XVII to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 zePhalamende LaseYurophu kanye NoMkhandlu (REACH Regulation) zizosebenza.
I-Annex IVB iveza ukuthi imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo njengamaswabhu kakotini, izinto zokusika, amapuleti, izinhlanga, amabhodlela eziphuzo, izinti ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa nokuxhuma amabhaluni, iziqukathi zeziphuzo ezenziwe nge-polystyrene enwetshiwe, njll. zivinjelwe ukufakwa emakethe, njengokuthi ngezinjongo zokwelashwa, njll. Ngaphandle uma kuhlinzekwe ngenye indlela.
Thuthukisa ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki nokusebenzisa
Umthetho Wesiyingi Ophromotha Imfucuza Nenhlabathi Engcolisiwe uchibiyela izinhloso zepulasitiki ezigaywe kabusha Emthethweni No. Ipulasitiki egaywe kabusha engu-30%.Lo mthethonqubo kulindeleke ukuthi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yesibili ye-PET egaywe kabusha eSpain.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugaywa kabusha kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, ingxenye yepulasitiki egaywe kabusha equkethwe emikhiqizweni engaphansi kwentela ayikhokhiswa intela.Inqubo yokungenisa kwemikhiqizo engaphakathi komkhawulo wentela eqondiwe kufanele irekhode inani lamapulasitiki angagaywe kabusha angenisiwe.Lo mthethonqubo uzoqala ukusebenza kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2023.
Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2023, ngokuhambisana nemigomo yomnotho oyindilinga, iSpain izoqala ukukhokhisa intela yepulasitiki ekusetshenzisweni okukodwa, ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki okungasebenziseki kabusha.
Izinto ezikhokhiswa intela:
Kubandakanya abakhiqizi baseSpain, izinkampani kanye nabantu abazisebenzayo abangenisa e-Spain futhi bahlanganyele ekuthengeni ngaphakathi kwe-EU.
Ububanzi bentela:
Iqukethe umqondo obanzi "wezinto zepulasitiki ezingaphinde zisetshenziswe", kufaka phakathi:
1. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo engaqediwe yokupakishwa yepulasitiki engaphinde isetshenziswe;
2. Isetshenziselwa ukuvala, ukuhweba noma ukubonisa imikhiqizo yepulasitiki engasebenziseki kabusha;
3. Iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezingasebenziseki kabusha.
Ezinye izibonelo zemikhiqizo engaphakathi kwesilinganiso sentela zifaka kodwa azikhawulelwe kulokhu: izikhwama zepulasitiki, amabhodlela epulasitiki, amabhokisi okupakisha epulasitiki, amafilimu okupakisha epulasitiki, amateyipu okufaka epulasitiki, izinkomishi zepulasitiki, izitsha zepulasitiki, izitsha zepulasitiki, izikhwama zokufaka zepulasitiki, njll.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi le mikhiqizo isetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla, iziphuzo, izidingo zansuku zonke noma ezinye izinto, inqobo nje uma ukupakishwa kwangaphandle kwephakheji kwenziwa ngepulasitiki, intela yokupakisha yepulasitiki izokhokhiswa.
Uma kuyipulasitiki egaywa kabusha, kudingeka isitifiketi sokugaywa kabusha.
isilinganiso sentela:
Izinga lentela lingu-EUR 0.45 ngekhilogremu esekelwe esimemezelweni sesisindo sensalela ku-Athikili 47.
Imiqondo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme ithola ukunakwa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukugcizelela okukhulayo esidingweni sokushintsha amaphakheji epulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye kufakwe ezinye izinto ezigaywa kabusha noma ezonakaliswe.Lolu shintsho luqhutshwa ukuqashelwa komthelela oyingozi udoti wepulasitiki onawo endaweni ezungezile, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokungcola kanye nokuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo.
Ukuphendula le nkinga ecindezelayo, amazwe amaningi abeka eqhulwini ukusesha abahlinzeki abathembekile ukuze kube lula ukuguqulwa kwamaphakheji epulasitiki abe ezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa kabusha noma ezibolayo.Umgomo uwukushintsha ngokuphelele ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki ngezinto ezithinta imvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umthwalo wemvelo obangelwa amapulasitiki angaphinde asetshenziswe.
Ukushintsha ukusuka emaphaketheni epulasitiki ukuya emaphaketheni asebenzisekayo noma abolayo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukusimama kanye nokunciphisa indawo yemvelo yezimboni ezihlukahlukene.Ngokwamukela lolu shintsho, amabhizinisi nabathengi ngokufanayo bangaba neqhaza ekuvikeleni imvelo nemithombo yemvelo.
Izinto zokupakisha ezigaywa kabusha nezibolayo zinikeza isixazululo esithembisayo ezinseleleni ezilethwa ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki okuvamile.Lezi zindlela ezihlukile azigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukuthembela ezinsizeni ezingavuseleleki, zisiza nokunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwemfucumfucu yepulasitiki ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu nasezilwandle.Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezigaywa kabusha nezibolayo kusekela umnotho oyindilinga ngokugqugquzela ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokugaywa kabusha kwezinto, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umthelela ophelele kwezemvelo.
Njengoba isidingo sokupakishwa kwe-eco-friendly siqhubeka sikhula, imboni ibona ukwanda kwentuthuko emisha kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa izixazululo ezisimeme zokupakisha.Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola izinto ezintsha kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihambisana nemigomo yokunakekela imvelo nokusebenza kahle kwezinsiza.
Kafushane, ukushintshwa okuseduze kwamaphakeji epulasitiki ngezinye izinto ezigaywa kabusha noma ezibolayo zikhombisa ushintsho olubalulekile oluya ekusimamiseni imvelo.Ngokubeka phambili ukupakishwa okuhambisana nemvelo, amazwe nezinkampani zithatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokubhekana nezinselelo zemvelo ezihlobene nodoti wepulasitiki.Lolu shintsho alugcizeleli nje kuphela ukuzibophezela ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kodwa futhi lubonisa umzamo ohlangene wokwakha ikusasa elisimeme neliqinile lezizukulwane ezizayo.
Singumkhiqizi onguchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni izikhwama zokupakisha zekhofi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.Sesibe ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bezikhwama zekhofi eChina.
Sisebenzisa amavalvu ekhwalithi angcono kakhulu e-WIPF avela eSwitzerland ukuze sigcine ikhofi lakho lilisha.
Senze izikhwama eco-friendly, ezifana izikhwama compostable,izikhwama ezigaywa kabusha kanye nokupakishwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwe-PCR.Ziyizinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokushintsha izikhwama zepulasitiki ezivamile.
Kunamathiselwe ikhathalogi yethu, sicela usithumelele uhlobo lwesikhwama, impahla, usayizi kanye nenani elidingayo.Ngakho singakucaphuna.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2024
